Hyper links

I occasionally read about the impotents of hyper links but need to understand them better.
Are these links with keywords that go to another page or to another website?

I have also read how blogs help if they are articles that relate to my businesses.
Do I have to build a blog for my site that connects to it or can I set up an account on a blog like blogger.com and use that and increase my sites popularity, traffic and page rank?

Are these links with keywords that go to another page or to another website?

Yes, a hyperlink can te a text or image link though, noit just one using a keyword.

I have also read how blogs help if they are articles that relate to my businesses.

Yes they can, a link from a page that includes content relevant to your site is believed to help more than a link from a link directory or links page. You don't have to create your own blog to do this, you can offer blogs to do paid 'advertorial' about your site or submit press releases to them

Please just put yes or no by these questions to make sure I am getting this right.

Hyperlinks to pages within my site with or without keywords help with search engine increase my effort to do well with search engines?

Hyperlinks to sites within content that take you to other sites with keywords increase my effort to do well with search engines?

Hyperlinks to a blog set up on someone else's blog site were I have an account will help with search engine ranking or in some other way with search engines?

Hyperlinks to pages within my site with or without keywords help with search engine increase my effort to do well with search engines?

A - A text link using a keyword will help a lot more in terms of targeting that specific keyword. If you're using an image link make sure you use an alt tag within that image. Without using either you won't get much benefit.

Hyperlinks to sites within content that take you to other sites with keywords increase my effort to do well with search engines?

A - I'm not exactly clear on what you're asking here. It's generally accepted that links within on-topic content help more. Links from pages full of other links don't help so much.

Hyperlinks to a blog set up on someone else's blog site were I have an account will help with search engine ranking or in some other way with search engines?

A - Again can you clarify this. Yes you can increase your SERPs ranking of a blog (even if it's a subdomain blogger.com for example) Remember that you SEO pages and not sites.